Labour Market 
Assistance Outcomes
Year ending September 2006	
This report contains information about placements, commencements and post labour market assistance outcomes achieved for employment services managed by the Department of Employment and Workplace Relations.
Main features
Outcomes	
The positive outcomes (employment and/or education/training) rates achieved in the year ending September 2006, three months after leaving assistance were:
•	77% for Job Placement;
•	60% for Intensive Support job search training;
•	54% for Intensive Support customised assistance;
•	60% for Intensive Support;
•	86% for New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS);
•	40% for Work for the Dole;
•	43% for Community Work Placements;
•	64% for Indigenous Employment Programme Structured Training and Employment Projects (STEP);
•	68% for Indigenous Employment Programme Wage Assistance;  and
•	61% for Indigenous Employment Centres.	

Job Vacancies	
In the year to end September 2006, 2,151,000 vacancies were notified on the Australian Job Search database, of which over 1,023,000 were lodged by Job Network Members or Job Placement Organisations (including vacancies lodged through the Internet and Teleservicing).	

Job Placements	
In the year to end September 2006, 640,000 Job Network eligible job seekers were placed into Job Placement vacancies by Job Network Members or Job Placement Organisations.	

Commencements	
In the year to 30 September 2006, commencements in the various types of labour market assistance included:
•	486,800 in Job Search Support;
•	377,100 in Intensive Support;
•	6,100 in NEIS;
•	6,300 in the STEP and Wage Assistance elements of the Indigenous Employment Programme;
•	3,900 in Indigenous Employment Centres;
•	29,600 in the Personal Support Programme;
•	24,500 in the Disability Employment Network;
•	91,100 in Work for the Dole;  and
•	2,900 in Community Work Placement.	

Income Support	
In the year to end September 2006, the number of job seekers in receipt of Newstart or Youth Allowance (Other) decreased by around 15,000 to just over 543,000 job seekers.  The number of job seekers who were long-term recipients (ie on allowances for 12 months or more) decreased by almost 7,000 to around 321,500 while the number of short-term recipients decreased by over 8,000 to around 221,800.	

In this issue	
Changes to the Employment Services Market 	Page 3
Section 1: Labour Market Assistance Outcomes	Page 4
Table 1.1 Post assistance labour market outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 4
Table 1.2 Post assistance employment and positive outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 5
Table 1.3 Intensive Support 12 month sample: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 6
Table 1.4 Intensive Support 24 month sample: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 7
Table 1.5 Intensive Support combined samples: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 8
Table 1.6 Intensive Support customised assistance: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 9
Table 1.7 Intensive Support job search training: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 10
Table 1.8 Job Placement: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 11
Table 1.9 New Enterprise Incentive Scheme: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 12
Table 1.10 Work for the Dole: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 2006	Page 13
Section 2: Trends in outcomes for Labour Market Assistance 	Page 14
Figure 2.1 Trends in outcomes for employment services 2001–2006	Page 14
Figure 2.2 Trends in allowee numbers over time 	Page 15
Figure 2.3 Allowees by age	Page 15
Figure 2.4 New entrants to allowance	Page 16
Figure 2.5 Disability Support Pension clients by age	Page 16
Section 3: Access to and Participation in Labour Market Assistance	Page 17
Table 3.1 Participation by type of labour market assistance in each of the past two years	Page 17
Table 3.2 Participation in Job Network assistance by job seeker characteristics: September 2006	Page 18
Table 3.3 AJS Vacancies and Job Placements by industry and ASCO codes: September 2006	Page 19
Table 3.4 Access to NEIS by job seeker characteristics year to end September 2006	Page 20
Table 3.5 Access to Work for the Dole by job seeker characteristics year to end September 2006	Page 21
Section 4: Participation and Outcomes by Region	Page 22
Table 4.1 Commencements in labour market assistance by region: September 2006	Page 22
Table 4.2 Commencements in labour market assistance by region (proportion): September 2006	Page 23
Table 4.3 Regional labour market post assistance employment outcomes year to end September 2006 	Page 24
Section 5: Impact on Income Support Recipients	Page 25
Figure 5.1 Number of income support recipients	Page 25
Figure 5.2 Three and six month off-benefit status of job seekers following assistance	Page 26
Technical Notes	Page 27	
Time periods used in this report	
The Department’s Post Programme Monitoring (PPM) Survey measures outcomes achieved by job seekers three months after they exit labour market assistance.  This report contains outcomes data for job seekers who exited assistance in the 12 months to 30 June 2006 and their post assistance outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  
Intensive Support post assistance outcomes should not be confused with paid interim or paid final outcomes.  Post assistance outcomes are all employment and education outcomes while paid outcomes relate to a subset of employment and education outcomes where Job Network members receive payment for outcomes. 
Commencement and placement data, derived from DEWR and Centrelink administrative systems, relate to job seekers who were placed in a job or commenced labour market assistance between 1 October 2005 and 30 September 2006 and 1 October 2004 and 30 September 2005.  	
	
More information……	
For further information, please contact Michael Cameron (02) 6121 7240 or e-mail sarah.crooks@dewr.gov.au.

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Department of Employment and Workplace Relations 
http://www.workplace.gov.au/	

Changes to the Employment Services Market

The Active Participation Model
On 1 July 2003, significant changes were introduced to the employment services market.  The Active Participation Model (announced in the 2002–03 Budget) provides on-going customised service to job seekers and has a number of innovative features, such as a Job Seeker Account to fund preparation of job seekers for work. 
Participation in the Active Participation Model
On registration with Centrelink, each eligible job seeker is referred to a single Job Network member who will provide services to them while they remain eligible for assistance or get a job.  This includes ongoing assistance during the early stages of a job seekers new job.  Two services are delivered by all Job Network members under the Active Participation Model:
•	Job Search Support; and
•	Intensive Support.
Job Search Support services are available to all eligible job seekers immediately upon registration by Centrelink or a Job Network member and continue until the job seeker leaves employment services.  On first contact with their Job Network member, job seekers have their vocational profile entered into the JobSearch database for daily matching against new job vacancies.  Job seekers also have access to a range of other job search facilities such as touchscreens, computers and faxes as well as assistance in the preparation of job applications.
If an eligible job seeker has not found work within the first three months of Job Search Support, their Job Network member will arrange for them to participate in Intensive Support.  Job search training is the first element of Intensive Support.  It assists job seekers to obtain employment through individually tailored assistance that is designed to improve their job search skills, confidence and expand their job search networks.
After six months of unemployment (and periodically thereafter), most activity-tested job seekers will be required to fulfil a Mutual Obligation requirement.  During these periods, job seekers will remain in Intensive Support and it will be the responsibility of their Job Network member to ensure that they continue to be actively engaged in job search activities and improving their job prospects.  
Job seekers who have been unemployed for at least 12 months or are identified by Centrelink as being highly disadvantaged at registration will receive Intensive Support customised assistance.  Over a six month period this service provides customised assistance to address individual barriers to employment and tailor the job seeker’s efforts in looking for work.  In Intensive Support customised assistance, a job seeker’s Job Network member will have up to $1,350 credited to their Job Seeker Account for the purchase of services and products to assist them to find employment.
Results for Active Participation Model assistance
Results for the employment services provided under the Active Participation Model have progressively become available.  Reliable outcomes estimates cannot be produced until a sufficient number of clients have received assistance and subsequently been surveyed.  Results for Job Placement and Intensive Support job search training have been published onwards from the June 2004 edition Labour Market Assistance Outcomes.  Intensive Support customised assistance outcome results have been published in reports from September 2004 with outcomes for the Intensive Support stream of assistance reported since the December 2004 edition of Labour Market Assistance Outcomes.  
Outcomes for programmes such as Disability Employment Network, Vocational Rehabilitation Services, Community Development Employment Project scheme and the Personal Support Programme, are expected to be reported on over the next year as sufficient data becomes available. 

In this report….

Previous editions of the Labour Market Assistance Outcomes report, at Section 5, have looked at the number of long-term and short-term NewStart and Youth allowance (other) recipients.  This report has been updated to include the number on other benefit types such as the Disability Support Pension. 
The Transition to Work programme has been wound up and so is no longer reported.

Section 1: Labour Market Assistance Outcomes

Post assistance labour market outcomes
Table 1.1 shows labour market outcomes and further assistance levels of all job seekers three months after leaving the various types of employment assistance.  
Employment outcomes for the suite of Job Network assistance remains strong.  Employment outcomes for STEP are particularly encouraging, up by 2.2 percentage points over that achieved in the previous quarter.  
Job seekers are categorised as employed, unemployed or not in the labour force.  A proportion of these clients are also recorded as being in further assistance.
In editions of Labour Market Assistance Outcomes pre-June 2004, employment, unemployment, not in the labour force and further assistance outcomes were recorded as being mutually exclusive outcomes (ie. they added up to 100%).
As jobseekers are continuously in assistance under the Active Participation Model, clients in further assistance are surveyed and their responses are used to determine their labour market status. 
Care should also be taken when comparing outcomes for current services with labour market programmes operating prior to the introduction of Job Network.  The Technical Notes at the end of this report discuss these issues further. 

Table 1.1: Post assistance1 labour market outcomes year to end September 2006

Labour market assistance	
Employed
(%)	
Unemployed
(%)	Not in the Labour Force
(%)	Further Assistance2
(%)	
Exits
(number)	
Job Placement	72.9	22.6	4.6	na	94,976	
Fully Job Network eligible (FJNE)	68.8	26.5	4.7	na	56,107	
Job Search Support Only (JSSO)	79.1	16.5	4.3	na	38,869	
Intensive Support	53.0	36.9	10.1	2.5	478,925	
Intensive Support 12 months sample3	53.8	36.2	10.0	5.3	177,261	
Intensive Support 24 months sample4	52.7	37.3	10.1	1.3	301,664	
Intensive Support job search training	50.3	42.8	7.0	4.1	135,227	
Intensive Support customised assistance	44.4	44.2	11.4	15.7	304,688	
Non highly-disadvantaged	50.5	41.0	8.5	17.5	144,486	
Highly disadvantaged	38.9	47.1	14.0	14.0	160,202	
NEIS	83.8	10.5	5.7	2.1	6,275	
Work for the Dole	30.7	59.1	10.1	32.1	87,639	
Community Work	32.1	55.7	12.1	34.5	3,502	
IEP – STEP	54.8	37.3	7.9	15.8	4,055	
IEP - Wage Assistance	65.5	28.9	5.6	24.4	2,815	
Indigenous Employment Centres	52.1	40.7	7.2	38.2	3,240	
1.	Post assistance outcomes are measured three months after the job seeker ceases assistance and relate to job seekers who were in-scope for inclusion in the Intensive Support sample and job seekers who ceased Intensive Support customised assistance, Intensive Support job search training, New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS), Work for the Dole, Community Work, Transition to Work, Indigenous Employment Programme (IEP), Structured Training and Employment Projects (STEP), IEP Wage Assistance or Indigenous Employment Centres or achieved an eligible Job Network placement between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006.  Employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
2.	Further assistance includes commencements in DEWR funded labour market assistance.  Job seekers who do not achieve an employment outcome are treated as either unemployed or not in the labour force. 
3.	The Intensive Support 12 month sample relates to clients who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2005 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 12 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  
4.	The Intensive Support 24 month sample relates to clients who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2003 and 30 June 2004 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 24 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  

Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.

Post assistance employment and positive outcomes
Table 1.2 shows job seekers’ shares of full-time and part-time employment, education/training and positive outcomes three months after leaving different types of labour market assistance.
Education and training outcomes include job seekers who are studying at a secondary school or college, TAFE, business college or university three months 
after ceasing labour market assistance. 
The increase in employment outcomes for STEP outlined in Table 1.1 has also been reflected in a one percentage point increase in its positive outcome rate over last quarter’s results.  This growth was driven by a rise in full-time employment outcomes.  
Outcomes for all other programmes are relatively unchanged from last quarter. 

Table 1.2: Post assistance1 employment and positive outcomes year to end September 2006

Labour market assistance	Full-time Employed
(%)	Part-time Employed
(%)	Total
Employed
(%)	Education & Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	
Exits
(number)	
Job Placement	46.5	26.4	72.9	12.7	76.8	94,976	
Fully Job Network eligible (FJNE)	42.2	26.5	68.8	12.3	72.9	56,107	
Job Search Support Only (JSSO)	53.0	26.1	79.1	13.2	82.7	38,869	
Intensive Support	24.8	28.3	53.0	11.6	60.0	478,925	
Intensive Support 12 months sample3	25.4	28.4	53.8	13.7	62.7	177,261	
Intensive Support 24 months sample4	24.4	28.2	52.7	10.4	58.6	301,664	
Intensive Support job search training	22.6	27.6	50.3	14.8	59.8	135,227	
Intensive Support customised assistance	16.2	28.2	44.4	12.4	53.9	304,688	
Non highly-disadvantaged	18.5	32.0	50.5	11.5	58.6	144,486	
Highly disadvantaged	14.1	24.7	38.9	13.3	49.6	160,202	
NEIS	49.7	34.1	83.8	9.1	85.9	6,275	
Work for the Dole	13.9	16.9	30.7	11.9	40.0	87,639	
Community Work	9.0	23.2	32.1	14.8	42.8	3,502	
IEP - STEP	38.7	16.1	54.8	24.7	63.7	4,055	
IEP - Wage Assistance	45.9	19.6	65.5	22.3	67.7	2,815	
Indigenous Employment Centres	36.3	15.8	52.1	21.8	60.6	3,240	
1.	Post assistance outcomes are measured three months after the job seeker ceases assistance and relate to job seekers who were in-scope for inclusion in the Intensive Support sample and job seekers who ceased Intensive Support customised assistance, Intensive Support job search training, New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS), Work for the Dole, Community Work, Transition to Work, Indigenous Employment Programme (IEP), Structured Training and Employment Projects (STEP), IEP Wage Assistance or Indigenous Employment Centres or achieved an eligible Job Network placement between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006.  
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes.  Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education outcome.  Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	The Intensive Support 12 month sample relates to clients who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2005 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 12 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  
4.	The Intensive Support 24 month sample relates to clients who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2003 and 30 June 2004 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 24 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  

Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.

Intensive Support
Table 1.3 reports the outcomes for the 12 month Intensive Support population.  These job seekers commenced assistance between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2005 and became in-scope for survey between 1 July 2005 and 31 June 2006 and outcomes achieved three months later, up to 30 September 2006.  
Outcomes for the Intensive Support 12 month cohort overall are around those achieved in the June 2006 quarter.  
Encouragingly, positive outcomes for disabled and Indigenous job seekers are up from the June 2006 quarter by around 3 percentage points.  Sole parent positive outcomes are also up.
Overall, almost 63 per cent of clients who enter Intensive Support have a positive outcome within 12 months of commencing.  

Table 1.3: Intensive Support 12 month sample: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	In-scope population3
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	26.7	27.4	54.1	18.9	64.1	45,556	
21 to 24	33.5	27.6	61.2	14.6	70.2	26,415	
25 to 34	29.3	27.3	56.6	13.0	64.9	37,885	
35 to 49	23.7	30.1	53.8	12.8	62.8	45,516	
50 or more	18.5	29.3	47.9	10.7	55.9	21,889	
Duration on income support (months)						
0 to less than 6	29.0	28.1	57.1	14.1	65.6	96,293	
6 to less than 12	24.2	29.4	53.7	15.4	63.6	12,963	
12 to less than 24	18.7	27.4	46.1	13.7	56.5	13,565	
24 to less than 36	17.5	27.4	45.0	13.4	54.0	8,588	
36 or more	13.7	28.9	42.6	11.1	51.8	29,374	
Educational attainment 							
Less than Year 10	16.6	23.3	39.9	12.1	49.7	31,624	
Year 10 or 11	21.6	27.1	48.7	11.3	56.1	55,575	
Year 12	29.9	31.0	60.8	17.2	70.2	30,344	
Post Secondary	31.2	31.0	62.1	14.3	70.7	54,482	
Unknown	21.7	25.5	47.2	16.1	61.6	5,236	
Gender							
Males	29.7	22.5	52.1	11.4	59.9	100,216	
Females	20.8	35.1	55.8	16.3	66.0	77,045	
Equity Groups4							
Disability	14.8	27.2	42.0	11.2	50.6	15,744	
Indigenous	21.4	16.6	38.0	12.4	47.5	21,199	
CALD5	24.1	25.1	49.2	21.2	65.3	26,016	
Sole Parents	18.4	33.6	52.1	14.1	62.8	18,395	
Total	25.4	28.4	53.8	13.7	62.7	177,261	
1.	Job seekers who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2005 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 12 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	See the technical notes at the end of the report for a definition of the in-scope population.  
4.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
5.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.

Intensive Support
Table 1.4 reports the outcomes for the 24 month Intensive Support population.  These job seekers commenced assistance between 1 July 2003 and 30 June 2004 and became in-scope for survey between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved three months later, up to 30 September 2006.  
Outcomes for the 24 month cohort are relative similar to that achieved for the 24 month cohort in the June 2006 quarter.  
Encouragingly, over half of those who have been in Intensive Support for more than 12 months were able to find some form of employment within 24 months.  This highlights the benefits of the on-going assistance available through Intensive Support. 

Table 1.4: Intensive Support 24 month sample: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	In-scope population3
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	30.7	25.9	56.6	15.3	64.2	49,694	
21 to 24	31.0	27.8	58.8	13.3	66.3	44,558	
25 to 34	28.4	26.3	54.7	11.5	61.3	69,110	
35 to 49	22.3	29.7	52.0	9.8	57.7	91,201	
50 or more	16.1	29.3	45.4	7.3	50.3	47,101	
Duration on income support (months)						
0 to less than 6	32.2	28.4	60.6	11.4	66.4	125,066	
6 to less than 12	22.7	28.1	50.8	10.8	57.1	27,072	
12 to less than 24	22.0	28.4	50.4	10.4	57.3	37,014	
24 to less than 36	18.7	28.1	46.8	9.0	52.6	23,210	
36 or more	12.1	28.6	40.7	9.0	46.7	72,748	
Educational attainment 							
Less than Year 10	16.3	23.5	39.8	7.8	45.5	52,290	
Year 10 or 11	23.1	29.0	52.1	7.8	56.7	95,787	
Year 12	28.1	31.6	59.8	14.2	67.1	52,497	
Post Secondary	31.4	30.0	61.3	12.8	67.8	73,145	
Unknown	17.7	24.5	42.2	9.5	48.8	27,945	
Gender							
Males	27.1	22.4	49.5	8.5	54.8	199,306	
Females	20.4	38.0	58.4	13.7	65.4	102,357	
Equity Groups4							
Disability	14.1	24.9	38.9	9.2	45.4	27,561	
Indigenous	18.0	16.7	34.7	8.5	39.6	21,755	
CALD5	21.9	26.2	48.1	14.4	58.6	51,791	
Sole Parents	19.1	41.8	60.9	13.9	67.5	13,906	
Total	24.4	28.2	52.7	10.4	58.6	301,664	
1.	Job seekers who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2003 and 30 June 2004 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 24 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	See the technical notes at the end of the report for a definition of the in-scope population.  
4.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
5.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.
Intensive Support
Table 1.5 reports the post assistance outcomes achieved for both the 12 and 24 month in-scope population for Intensive Support.  Detailed information about the 12 and 24 months samples are provided in the previous two tables.  
Overall Intensive Support outcomes have remained around the strong levels achieved in the June 2006 
quarter. 
Outcomes for sole parents are particularly encouraging with 56 per cent in some kind of employment three months following assistance.  
In addition, it is evident that of the employment outcomes achieved, more are in full-time jobs than part-time jobs for most demographic groups.    

Table 1.5: Intensive Support Combined samples: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	In-scope population3
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	28.9	26.6	55.5	17.1	64.3	95,250	
21 to 24	32.0	27.7	59.8	13.8	67.8	70,973	
25 to 34	28.8	26.6	55.3	12.0	62.6	106,995	
35 to 49	22.8	29.8	52.6	10.7	59.3	136,717	
50 or more	17.0	29.3	46.2	8.3	52.1	68,990	
Duration on income support (months)						
0 to less than 6	30.9	28.3	59.2	12.6	66.2	221,359	
6 to less than 12	23.0	28.5	51.5	12.1	58.9	40,035	
12 to less than 24	21.2	28.2	49.4	11.2	57.1	50,579	
24 to less than 36	18.4	28.1	46.4	10.0	52.9	31,798	
36 or more	12.5	28.8	41.4	9.6	48.1	102,122	
Educational attainment 							
Less than Year 10	16.4	23.4	39.8	9.2	46.9	83,914	
Year 10 or 11	22.5	28.4	50.9	9.0	56.4	151,362	
Year 12	28.7	31.5	60.2	15.3	68.2	82,841	
Post Secondary	31.3	30.4	61.7	13.5	69.0	127,627	
Unknown	18.4	24.5	42.9	10.6	50.7	33,181	
Gender							
Males	27.9	22.5	50.3	9.4	56.4	299,522	
Females	20.5	36.8	57.3	14.7	65.6	179,402	
Equity Groups4							
Disability	14.2	25.7	40.0	9.8	47.2	43,305	
Indigenous	19.5	16.7	36.2	10.2	43.3	42,954	
CALD5	22.7	25.8	48.5	16.7	60.8	77,807	
Sole Parents	18.8	37.5	56.2	14.0	65.0	32,301	
Total	24.8	28.3	53.0	11.6	60.0	478,925	
1.	Job seekers who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2003 and 30 June 2005 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 12 or 24 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  The commencement period is limited to ensure that only those participants that could have reached 12 or 24 months participation in Intensive Support are included in the in-scope sample.
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	See the technical notes at the end of the report for a definition of the in-scope population.  
4.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
5.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance 

Intensive Support customised assistance
Table 1.6 shows the post assistance outcomes achieved by those who left Intensive Support customised assistance between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved three months later, up to 30 September 2006.  
While outcomes overall have not changed for Intensive Support customised assistance since the September 2005 quarter, there has been an encouraging improvement in outcomes for the highly disadvantaged and disabled participants. 
Table 1.6: Intensive Support customised assistance: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	Exits
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Disadvantage status							
Non-highly disadvantaged3	18.5	32.0	50.5	11.5	58.6	144,486	
Highly disadvantaged4	14.1	24.7	38.9	13.3	49.6	160,202	
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	19.5	26.2	45.8	15.7	57.4	55,792	
21 to 24	19.2	28.0	47.2	15.6	58.2	37,851	
25 to 34	18.4	26.6	44.9	13.2	54.7	65,182	
35 to 49	16.0	29.5	45.5	12.9	55.6	92,038	
50 or more	11.6	29.0	40.6	9.4	48.0	53,825	
Duration on income support (months)		
0 to less than 6	20.7	26.5	47.2	12.9	57.2	66,360	
6 to less than 12	20.0	32.1	52.1	13.2	61.5	40,564	
12 to less than 24	16.3	28.8	45.1	13.1	54.9	57,905	
24 to less than 36	15.0	28.6	43.6	13.1	53.6	31,877	
36 or more	11.4	26.9	38.3	11.5	47.4	97,250	
Educational attainment 							
Less than Year 10	12.2	22.3	34.5	11.1	44.0	75,825	
Year 10 or 11	15.8	28.0	43.8	10.0	51.6	103,843	
Year 12	18.4	30.9	49.2	16.2	61.4	42,253	
Post Secondary	19.0	32.1	51.1	14.3	61.2	80,803	
Unknown	22.9	28.1	51.0	12.7	60.1	1,964	
Gender							
Males	17.9	24.0	41.9	9.7	49.7	176,650	
Females	14.2	33.6	47.7	15.8	59.4	128,038	
Equity Groups5							
Disability	12.3	26.0	38.3	10.5	46.7	43,875	
Indigenous	15.0	18.1	33.1	10.2	41.1	51,424	
CALD6	15.1	24.6	39.7	19.8	56.3	48,855	
Sole Parents	17.6	33.0	50.5	14.8	61.5	38,519	
Total	16.2	28.2	44.4	12.4	53.9	304,688	
1.	Job seekers who left Intensive Support customised assistance between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 
30 September 2006.
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	Job seeker who had a JSCI score of 24 or less and would have access to customised assistance at 12 months unemployment.  
4.	Job seeker who had a JSCI score of 25 or above at time of registration and had access to customised assistance immediately.  
5.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
6.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance. 

Intensive Support job search training
Table 1.7 shows the post assistance outcomes achieved by those who left Intensive Support job search training between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved three months later, up to 30 September 2006.  
Post assistance outcomes for Intensive Support job search training participants by duration on allowance are not provided because almost all job seekers will access job search training immediately on their entry to the Intensive Support stream of assistance – which usually occurs at the three month mark of unemployment. 
Post-assistance outcomes for Intensive Support job search training remain strong with positive outcome levels around 60 per cent.   

Table 1.7: Intensive Support job search training: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	Exits
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	21.6	28.3	49.9	21.5	63.5	35,370	
21 to 24	27.5	29.8	57.3	17.4	67.0	27,558	
25 to 34	25.2	26.8	52.0	13.3	60.4	30,359	
35 to 49	20.9	28.0	48.9	12.0	57.3	28,791	
50 or more	19.5	25.8	45.3	8.3	51.0	13,149	
Educational attainment							
Less than Year 10	17.1	23.5	40.6	9.9	48.1	12,561	
Year 10 or 11	19.7	25.2	44.9	12.0	53.6	39,356	
Year 12	23.1	29.9	53.0	19.5	64.6	32,647	
Post Secondary	25.7	29.0	54.7	15.2	64.0	50,347	
Unknown	7.4	24.7	32.1	18.5	47.0	316	
Gender							
Males	26.1	22.2	48.2	12.5	56.8	79,575	
Females	18.7	34.4	53.1	17.6	63.6	55,652	
Equity Groups3							
Disability	17.7	24.4	42.2	12.0	50.6	4,001	
Indigenous	23.3	20.8	44.1	12.6	52.2	3,059	
CALD4	20.0	23.9	44.0	19.3	58.3	20,663	
Sole Parents	13.0	35.6	48.6	15.4	59.1	8,350	
Total	22.6	27.6	50.3	14.8	59.8	135,227	

1.	Job seekers who left Intensive Support job search training placements between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
4.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.

Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.

Job Placement
Table 1.8 shows the post assistance outcomes achieved by those who placed into work under a Job Placement between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved three months later, up to 30 September 2006.  
Post-assistance outcomes for Job Placement have sustained their high levels, with over three-quarters of participants in employment and/or education three months after their original job placement.  Outcomes were slightly higher than the previous quarter. 

Table 1.8: Job Placements: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	Exits
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	48.3	22.6	70.9	22.9	77.4	26,529	
21 to 24	46.2	25.2	71.3	13.6	75.4	15,207	
25 to 34	46.9	26.7	73.6	11.1	77.1	23,384	
35 to 49	45.9	29.2	75.2	7.3	77.8	22,387	
50 or more	43.6	28.6	72.2	4.7	74.1	7,469	
Duration on income support (months) 3		
0 to less than 6	46.7	25.7	72.3	13.4	76.6	31,995	
6 to less than 12	41.6	26.2	67.8	10.9	71.4	9,182	
12 to less than 24	35.0	29.7	64.7	12.6	69.1	7,380	
24 to less than 36	34.4	26.0	60.4	9.4	63.7	3,319	
36 or more	21.4	30.2	51.6	8.0	56.6	4,231	
Educational attainment 3							
Less than Year 10	35.7	22.9	58.6	9.4	64.0	7,043	
Year 10 or 11	40.3	24.2	64.5	9.2	68.1	19,625	
Year 12	47.4	26.8	74.2	17.8	79.0	12,524	
Post Secondary	43.2	29.9	73.1	11.9	76.6	15,923	
Unknown	33.2	33.6	66.8	21.6	75.1	992	
Gender							
Males	52.7	18.6	71.3	10.6	74.7	60,403	
Females	37.9	37.2	75.0	15.5	79.7	34,573	
Equity Groups3							
Disability	29.3	30.3	59.6	9.8	63.3	5,413	
Indigenous	34.7	18.2	52.8	11.4	56.0	2,791	
CALD4	40.9	27.3	68.2	15.5	75.7	5,205	
Sole Parents	24.4	47.0	71.4	12.8	75.8	4,287	
Job Network eligible (FJNE) 5	42.2	26.5	68.8	12.3	72.9	56,107	
Job Search Support Only (JSSO) 6	53.0	26.1	79.1	13.2	82.7	38,869	
Total	46.5	26.4	72.9	12.7	76.8	94,976	
1.	Job seekers who were placed in a Job Network eligible job between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 
30 September 2006.  For job seekers who achieved a Job Placement within three months of leaving labour market assistance such as Intensive Support job search training, Intensive Support customised assistance and Work for the Dole, the outcome is excluded from Job Placement but included under the programme or service they participated in. Outcomes estimates are based on a 25% sample of job seekers.
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	Outcomes refer to Fully Job Network Eligible (FJNE) job seekers only as educational attainment and equity group details are not recorded for Job Search Support Only (JSSO) and JSSO job seekers are not on income support.  Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
4.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.
5.	Includes Fully Job Network Eligible (FJNE) job seekers who may be eligible for other Job Network services.
6.	Includes Job Search Support Only (JSSO) job seekers who are only eligible for Job Search Support services.  
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.

New Enterprise Incentive Scheme
Table 1.9 shows the post assistance outcomes achieved by those who left the New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS) between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved three months later, up to 30 September 2006.  
Traditionally NEIS has always experienced higher outcomes compared to other types of labour market assistance.  This is due in part to the careful selection of viable businesses by NEIS providers prior to the commencement in assistance, as well as the characteristics of job seekers involved.
Post-assistance outcomes for NEIS continue to remain strong and well above stated targets.  Unlike some of the other programmes there is not the divergence in outcomes achieved among the different client types.    

Table 1.9: New Enterprise Incentive Scheme: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes3
(%)	Exits
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	Self Employed2
(%)	
Employed
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	na	na	na	na	na	na	
21 to 24	66.6	16.4	83.0	12.9	89.0	589	
25 to 34	71.5	14.5	86.0	10.6	88.4	2,025	
35 to 49	71.3	14.0	85.2	8.1	86.5	2,532	
50 or more	65.8	12.2	78.0	6.6	78.7	1,001	
Duration on income support (months)		
0 to less than 6	72.5	15.2	87.7	9.4	89.4	2,931	
6 to less than 12	71.6	11.7	83.3	8.8	85.6	1,127	
12 to less than 24	63.9	16.4	80.3	10.7	83.7	830	
24 to less than 36	67.8	7.8	75.6	6.4	78.2	373	
36 or more	64.1	14.3	78.4	8.9	80.1	937	
Educational attainment							
Less than Year 10	62.6	6.8	69.5	6.7	72.2	256	
Year 10 or 11	67.7	11.8	79.5	4.9	81.2	949	
Year 12	69.7	15.3	85.1	11.7	88.1	963	
Post Secondary	70.7	14.8	85.5	10.1	87.5	3,776	
Unknown	73.2	11.0	84.2	5.3	84.7	331	
Gender							
Males	70.8	14.0	84.9	8.1	86.9	3,423	
Females	68.5	14.1	82.6	10.3	84.7	2,852	
Equity Groups4							
Disability	62.3	14.7	77.0	7.4	80.6	535	
Indigenous	na	na	na	na	na	na	
CALD5	67.6	12.3	80.0	9.6	82.0	1,004	
Sole Parents	69.0	15.7	84.7	12.8	87.7	468	
Total	69.8	14.0	83.8	9.1	85.9	6,275	
1.	Job seekers who left NEIS placements between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 
30 September 2006.
2.	Includes a small proportion of participants who are self employed but in a business not set up under NEIS. 
3.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
4.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
5.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.
na.        Not available as the estimate is based on a small number of known outcomes.
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.  

Work for the Dole
The Work for the Dole (WfD) Programme aims to develop the work habits of participants through involving them in quality projects that are of value to the community.  Employment outcomes are not part of the programme’s immediate objectives but are included here as they demonstrate the success of work experience and increased job search activity.  
Outcomes relate to WfD participants referred to Community Work Coordinators (CWC).  
Job seekers are required to participate in WfD for up to six months over a twelve month period.  This means that job seekers can participate in a number of projects with different CWC’s before completing their placement.  For the purposes of PPM, job seekers are surveyed whenever they have a break between CWC placements of more than 3 months since their last CWC placement in a twelve month period.  
It should be noted that outcomes levels may change under the APM from pre-APM levels due to changes in the PPM survey methodology.  See the technical notes for more information.

Table 1.10: Work for the Dole: Post assistance outcomes year to end September 20061
	Employment	Education& Training
(%)	Positive Outcomes2
(%)	Exits
(number)	

Job seeker characteristics	
Full-time
(%)	
Part-time
(%)	Total Employed
(%)				
Age Group (years)							
15 to 20	13.9	18.3	32.2	15.0	43.6	13,487	
21 to 24	18.0	19.0	37.0	15.0	47.5	18,898	
25 to 34	14.6	17.4	32.1	12.7	42.4	25,035	
35 to 49	12.7	15.5	28.2	9.7	35.9	28,022	
50 or more	5.2	16.6	21.8	10.9	29.9	2,197	
Duration on income support (months)		
0 to less than 6	22.9	19.9	42.9	14.4	53.7	11,197	
6 to less than 12	20.8	19.1	39.9	14.6	50.3	17,474	
12 to less than 24	14.5	16.2	30.7	13.8	42.1	13,793	
24 to less than 36	11.8	18.5	30.3	13.4	40.2	11,435	
36 or more	8.4	14.7	23.1	9.0	30.5	33,463	
Educational attainment 3							
Less than Year 10	9.0	11.9	20.8	7.8	27.5	16,643	
Year 10 or 11	13.1	15.8	29.0	7.8	35.2	31,837	
Year 12	15.5	19.5	34.9	16.9	47.5	14,636	
Post Secondary	16.7	19.6	36.4	15.8	48.3	24,183	
Unknown	11.3	12.5	23.8	23.3	45.0	340	
Gender							
Males	15.8	13.9	29.7	9.4	37.2	61,700	
Females	10.4	22.6	33.0	16.7	45.7	25,939	
Equity Groups3							
Disability	10.6	14.9	25.4	7.5	31.4	7,859	
Indigenous	8.3	8.9	17.2	6.6	23.1	6,625	
CALD4	14.3	16.5	30.8	16.4	44.2	11,161	
Sole Parents	6.1	22.4	28.4	21.3	45.4	2,477	
Total	13.9	16.9	30.7	11.9	40.0	87,639	
1.	Job seekers who left a Work for the Dole project between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.
2.	Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes. Positive outcomes are less than the sum of employment and education/training outcomes because some job seekers achieve both an employment and an education/training outcome. Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.
3.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
4.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.

Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.
Section 2: Trends in outcomes for Labour Market Assistance

An important measure of the effectiveness of employment assistance includes the long-term trends in outcomes.  It provides an assessment of whether over the period of operation of an intervention the service providers have developed effective servicing strategies.
These outcomes can be influenced by a range of exogenous factors such as the strength of the labour market, the distribution of available jobs and the position of the economy within the economic cycle.
Similarly it would be expected that in the period following the introduction of a new intervention, outcomes will increase at a faster rate than interventions that have been in place for a longer period of time, as effective servicing strategies are developed.  
Figure 2.1, provides positive outcome results for the main employment services provided over the last five years (from March 2001).  For those interventions superseded by Active Participation Model assistance, the services they superseded are also included.  There is a break in the series of between three and five quarter during the transition from ESC2 to ESC3 for these interventions.  This was due to the fact that there were insufficient PPM survey responses to provide for robust outcome estimates.
It can be seen that outcomes for the suite of Job Network and Work for the Dole services have generally continued to trend up from the outcomes achieved under ESC2.  
Some of the growth can be attributed to changes to the methodology used for the Post Programme Monitoring survey.  See the technical notes at the end of this report for further information. 

Figure 2.1:  has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

1.  Positive outcomes for: Job Matching/Job Placement (JM/JP); Job Search Training/Intensive Support job search training (JST/ISjst); Intensive Assistance/Intensive Support customised assistance (IA/ISca); New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS); and Work for the Dole (WfD) for Post Programme Monitoring outcomes from March 2001 to September 2006.  Positive outcomes include employment and education/training outcomes.  Positive outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.

Working Age Allowee Numbers

Figure 2.2 shows the number of working age allowees since July 2002.  As can be seen, there has been a fall in overall allowee numbers over time driven largely by falls in the number of NewStart recipients.  On the other hand, Carer Pension and Disability Support Pension (DSP) numbers have risen overtime.  Significantly the rise in DSP numbers has been equally large across all age groups and so is not a function of an aging population.

Figure 2.3 shows the profile of beneficiaries by age.  As can be seen, DSP clients make up the bulk of older income support recipients, while NewStart, Youth Allowance (other) and parenting payments are usually received by younger clients. 

Figure 2.2: has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

Figure 2.3:  has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

Working Age Allowee Numbers (continued) 
Figure 2.4 shows new entrants to allowances since July 2002.  Despite making up around a quarter of allowees at any point in time, people are much more likely to enter NewStart or Youth Allowance (other) that any of the other allowance types.  This can be explained by a correspondingly high exit rate for these recipients.  

It is also possible to examine type of disability for people on DSP (Figure 2.5).  As can be seen older DSP clients are more likely to have Musculo/Skeletal problems, while younger recipients are more likely to have mental health or intellectual difficulties.

Figure 2.4: has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

Figure 2.5: has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

Section 3: Access to and Participation in Labour Market Assistance

Type of labour market assistance
Table 3.1 shows the commencements in employment assistance for the year to end September 2005 and the year to end September 2006.  
It is evident that commencements in Job Network (Job Search Support and Intensive Support) have fallen on that achieved in the year to September 2005.  This reflects the general strength of the labour market as evident by the fall of Newstart Allowance and Youth Allowance (other) job seekers outlined on page 1. 

Table 3.1: Participation by type of labour market assistance in each of the past two years1
	Year to end September 2005	Year to end September 2006	
Labour market assistance	Commencements
(number)	Commencements
(number)	
Job Search Support2	502,786	486,754	
Intensive Support3	375,004	377,114	
	job search training	131,031
	119,415	
	first customised assistance (ISca1)	223,346	175,208	
	second customised assistance (ISca2)	89,438	82,437	
Job Placement	663,189	639,952	
NEIS	6,388	6,066	
Work for the Dole	82,735	91,131	
Community Work Placements	3,569	2,945	
IEP – STEP	3,347	3,742	
IEP - Wage Assistance	2,826	2,533	
Disability Employment Network	na	24,462	
Indigenous Employment Centres	2,796	3,861	
Personal Support Programme	23,397	29,571	
1.	Commencement or placement of job seekers in labour market assistance funded by DEWR for the two years of 1 October 2004 to 
30 September 2005 and 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006.  
2.	Job seekers with a registered Vocational Profile in the year up to 30 September 2006.  
3.	Job seekers who commenced any phase of assistance within the Intensive Support stream.

na 	not available.
 
Source: DEWR administrative systems

Participation in Job Network assistance
Access to services and programmes by job seekers with different characteristics will depend on their eligibility and on their assessed capacity to benefit from the assistance provided.
Job seekers with particular characteristics may be under-represented in some types of assistance but over-represented in others.  Hence, it is important to look at all types of assistance in assessing equity of assistance.  
Table 3.2 shows, for the range of Job Network services and the job seeker characteristics of those who received assistance in the year up to 30 September 2006.  Also provided is the demographic distribution of the Newstart and Youth Allowance (other) population at 30 September 2006.
Older job seekers’ participation in employment assistance remains lower than their proportion of the Newstart Allowance/Youth Allowance (other) population.  This is generally indicative of the alternatives available to these job seekers to meet their participation requirements as well the higher level of exemptions among these job seekers.  
The proportion of short-term unemployed job seekers (i.e. on income support for less than six months) in Job Search Support is influenced by the proportion of Job Search Support Only job seekers who have had a Vocational Profile completed, but may not be on income support.  

Table 3.2: Participation in Job Network assistance by job seeker characteristics: September 20061
	Newstart/Youth Allowance (other) recipients 	Employment Assistance type	
Job seeker characteristics		Job Search 
Support2
(%)	Job 
Placement3
 (%)	Intensive 
Support
(%)	
Age group (years)					
15 to 20 	12.8	21.8	20.0	23.4	
21 to 24	15.0	12.9	16.5	15.2	
25 to 34	23.6	22.6	25.0	22.0	
35 to 49	27.1	28.8	27.3	26.3	
50 or more	21.6	13.9	11.2	13.0	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Duration on income support (months)					
0 to less than 6	24.9	88.5	38.3	59.4	
6 to less than 12	14.5	3.7	18.8	13.4	
12 to less than 24	17.1	3.4	19.0	12.0	
24 to less than 36	11.6	1.5	9.0	5.6	
36 or more	31.8	2.9	15.0	9.6	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Educational attainment					
Less than Year 10	22.3	18.6	21.4	24.3	
Year 10 or 11	33.1	37.6	42.4	40.1	
Year 12	17.3	21.7	18.9	18.2	
Post secondary	27.4	22.2	17.2	17.4	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Gender					
Male	63.0	50.0	63.6	55.2	
Female	37.0	50.0	36.4	44.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
Equity groups4					
Disability	15.0	6.5	8.7	12.0	
Indigenous	9.7	5.9	7.2	9.3	
CALD5	17.4	17.5	12.5	15.0	
Sole parents	1.8	8.2	6.3	9.7	
Total	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	
1.	Commencements in Job Network employment assistance from 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006.
2.	Commencements in Job Search Support measured through the demographic distribution of registered Vocational Profiles in the year up to 
30 September 2006.
3.	Demographic breakdown of Job Placements in the year up to 30 September 2006 
4.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
5.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English Speaking countries.

Source: DEWR administrative systems.

Access to Job Placements
A key performance indicator of Job Network is how it performs across various industries.  Table 3.3 shows vacancies and job placements by industry.  As can be seen, Manufacturing, Retail trade, Property and business services and Agriculture provide a significant source of vacancies and placements for Job Network.  
Differences are shown between vacancy and placement shares.  To some extent they will be due to the fact that the same vacancy may be filled several times depending on the needs of the employer.  

Table 3.3: AJS Vacancies and Job Placements by Industry: September 2006
Industry	JNM and JPO initiated Vacancies1
(%)	JNM and JPO
Placement in Job Placement2
(%)	
Agricultural and industrial sector			
Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing	4.6	5.9	
Mining	0.6	0.5	
Manufacturing	13.2	17.6	
Electricity, Gas and Water Supply	0.3	0.2	
Construction	7.4	5.8	
Services sector			
Wholesale Trade	3.4	3.7	
Retail Trade	14.2	10.5	
Accommodation, Cafes and Restaurants	9.9	6.0	
Transport and Storage	3.5	2.6	
Communication Services	1.1	1.0	
Finance and Insurance	0.9	0.5	
Property and Business Services	27.0	37.5	
Cultural and Recreational Services	1.4	0.8	
Personal and Other Services	4.6	3.8	
Government and community sector			
Government Administration and Defence	1.1	0.7	
Education	1.6	0.5	
Health and Community Services	5.1	2.6	

1. 	Vacancies lodged by Job Network member or Job Placement Organisations on Australian JobSeach between 1 October 2005 and 
30 September 2006.  Columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
2.	Australian JobSearch vacancies filled by Job Network members or Job Placement Organisations between 1 October 2005 and 
30 September 2006.  Columns may not add up to 100% due to rounding.  

Source: DEWR administrative systems.

Participation in NEIS
Table 3.4 shows for a range of job seeker characteristics the proportion in the eligible population and the proportion commencing NEIS.  This is shown only for those on an eligible allowance, such as Newstart and Youth Allowance (other) and who are 18 years of age or older.  
NEIS is not targeted directly at job seekers with any particular characteristics.  Given the nature of the programme, however, some types of job seekers are less likely to participate in NEIS than others.  This is particularly the case for groups such as youth (those aged 15 – 20) and the equity groups.  On the other hand persons with a post secondary education participate in NEIS at a higher rate than their proportion of the eligible population. 

 Table 3.4: Access to NEIS by job seeker characteristics year to end September 20061

Job seeker characteristics	Eligibility for NEIS2
(%)	Commencement in NEIS
(%)	
Age group (years)			
15 to 20 	9.8	1.7	
21 to 24	15.5	9.4	
25 to 34	24.4	31.3	
35 to 49	28.0	40.2	
50 or more	22.3	17.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Duration on income support (months)			
0 to less than 6	23.9	45.6	
6 to less than 12	14.1	23.0	
12 to less than 24	17.1	12.4	
24 to less than 36	12.0	4.6	
36 or more	32.9	6.7	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Educational attainment			
Less than Year 10	21.7	7.0	
Year 10 or 11	32.4	26.2	
Year 12	17.8	23.8	
Post secondary	28.1	43.1	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Gender			
Male	63.5	54.2	
Female	36.5	45.8	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Equity groups3			
Disability	15.4	8.9	
Indigenous	9.4	1.6	
CALD4	17.9	16.3	
Sole parents	1.8	7.4	

1.	Commencement of job seekers in NEIS from 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006. 
2.	Job seekers receiving Newstart and Youth Allowance (Other) and 18 or over as at 30 September 2006. 
3.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
4.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English  Speaking countries 

Source: DEWR administrative systems.

Participation in Work for the Dole
Table 3.5 shows for a range of job seeker characteristics the proportion in the eligible population and the proportion commencing Work for the Dole (WfD). This is shown only for those on the activity tested payments Newstart and Youth Allowance (other) and who are 18 years of age or older. 
Job seekers are required to participate in WfD for up to six months over a twelve month period.  This means that job seekers can participate in a number of different WfD projects and with different CWCs 
before completing their placement.  Each time a job seeker starts with a CWC, a new commencement is recorded.
WfD tends to exhibit different patterns in participation to NEIS with younger job seekers proportionally over-represented in the participating population in relation to their eligibility, while job seekers unemployed for less than six months under-represented.  Again this reflects the unique eligibility requirements of the programme. 

Table 3.5: Access to Work for the Dole by job seeker characteristics year to end September 20061

Job seeker characteristics	Eligibility for Work for Dole2
(%)	Commencement in Work for the Dole
(%)	
Age group (years)			
15 to 20 	9.8	14.9	
21 to 24	15.5	21.2	
25 to 34	24.4	28.3	
35 to 49	28.0	33.0	
50 or more	22.3	2.6	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Duration on income support (months)			
0 to less than 6	23.9	5.8	
6 to less than 12	14.1	26.4	
12 to less than 24	17.1	14.1	
24 to less than 36	12.0	13.4	
36 or more	32.9	40.3	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Educational attainment			
Less than Year 10	21.7	40.5	
Year 10 or 11	32.4	34.0	
Year 12	17.8	14.3	
Post secondary	28.1	11.2	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Gender			
Male	63.5	70.5	
Female	36.5	29.5	
Total	100.0	100.0	
Equity groups3			
Disability	15.4	7.1	
Indigenous	9.4	7.6	
CALD4	17.9	13.0	
Sole parents	1.8	1.0	

1.	Commencement of job seekers in Work for the Dole from 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006. 
2.	Job seekers receiving Newstart and Youth Allowance (Other) as at 30 September 2006. 
3.	Equity groups are not mutually exclusive.
4.	People from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds from other than main English 

Source: DEWR administrative systems.

Section 4: Participation and Outcomes by Region

Participation in labour market assistance by region
This section presents data on participation by job seekers in labour market assistance for the DEWR Labour Market Regions. A map of DEWR regions is included in the Technical Notes of this report. 
Reporting at a regional level is restricted to the main types of Job Network assistance and Work for the Dole.

Table 4.1 provides details of placements in Job Placement jobs and commencements in Job Search Support, Intensive Support and Work for the Dole.
The number of placements and commencements in the various types of labour market assistance will depend on the size of the region, labour market conditions and the relative disadvantage of job seekers in the region. 

Table 4.1: Commencements in labour market assistance by region: September 20061
DEWR Region	Job Search Support
(Number)	Job Placements
(Number)	Intensive Support
(Number)	Work for the Dole
(Number)	
Sydney	89,432	84,420	61,619	15,187	
Hunter and North Coast	35,537	40,542	30,977	10,041	
Illawarra and SE NSW	15,589	18,979	15,074	4,420	
Western NSW	14,634	23,861	13,651	2,838	
Riverina	6,342	12,091	5,262	1,237	
New South Wales	161,534	179,893	126,583	33,723	
Melbourne	85,253	94,836	56,084	13,402	
Eastern Victoria	11,562	19,403	10,200	2,938	
Western Victoria	19,656	32,109	16,298	4,939	
Victoria	116,471	146,348	82,582	21,279	
Brisbane	70,001	97,776	48,539	9,946	
Southern Queensland	14,694	20,284	12,738	3,911	
Central and Northern QLD	22,676	38,080	18,873	4,135	
Queensland	107,371	156,140	80,150	17,992	
Perth	27,709	42,524	21,335	3,624	
South Western Australia	6,057	9,682	4,414	1,097	
Greater Western Australia	7,121	7,568	8,239	651	
Western Australia	40,887	59,774	33,988	5,372	
Adelaide	26,536	44,436	22,470	5,487	
South Australia Country	11,406	20,655	10,887	2,608	
South Australia	37,942	65,091	33,357	8,095	
					
Tasmania	11,984	20,898	10,291	3,419	
					
Northern Territory	5,997	6,189	7,406	582	
					
Australian Capital Territory	4,568	5,619	2,757	669	
					
Australia	486,754	639,952	377,114	91,131	
1.	Commencements in Job Network employment assistance and Work for the Dole from 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006.

Source: DEWR administrative systems.

Labour market assistance by region
Table 4.2 shows the proportion of Newstart and Youth Allowance (Other) recipients as at 30 September 2006 compared to the proportion of Job Network eligible Job Placements and commencements in Job Search Support, Intensive Support and Work for the Dole.  This is provided on a DEWR regional and State and Territory basis. 

Participation in employment assistance in New South Wales is somewhat higher than their proportion of the Newstart Allowance/Youth Allowance (other) population suggest might participate.  This differs with participation in the smaller labour market regions of Tasmania and Northern Territory which are generally lower.  A factor that could contribute to this disparity is participation in assistance by job seekers not on Newstart Allowance/Youth Allowance (other).  

Table 4.2: Comparison of labour market assistance by region year to end September 2006
DEWR Region	Newstart/ Youth Allowance (Other) recipients1
(%)	Job Search Support2
(%)	Intensive Support2
(%)	Work for 
the Dole2
(%)	
Sydney	16.9	18.4	16.3	16.7	
Hunter and North Coast	8.1	7.3	8.2	11.0	
Illawarra and SE NSW	3.5	3.2	4.0	4.9	
Western NSW	3.4	3.0	3.6	3.1	
Riverina	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	
New South Wales	33.2	33.2	33.6	37.0	
Melbourne	17.5	17.5	14.9	14.7	
Eastern Victoria	2.7	2.4	2.7	3.2	
Western Victoria	4.6	4.0	4.3	5.4	
Victoria	24.8	23.9	21.9	23.3	
Brisbane	11.6	14.4	12.9	10.9	
Southern Queensland	2.9	3.0	3.4	4.3	
Central and Northern QLD	4.4	4.7	5.0	4.5	
Queensland	18.8	22.1	21.3	19.7	
Perth	5.1	5.7	5.7	4.0	
South Western Australia	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	
Greater Western Australia	1.7	1.5	2.2	0.7	
Western Australia	7.9	8.4	9.0	5.9	
Adelaide	6.0	5.5	6.0	6.0	
South Australia Country	2.5	2.3	2.9	2.9	
South Australia	8.4	7.8	8.8	8.9	
					
Tasmania	3.4	2.5	2.7	3.8	
					
Northern Territory	2.6	1.2	2.0	0.6	
					
Australian Capital Territory	0.9	0.9	0.7	0.7	
					
Australia	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	

1.	Job Seekers receiving Newstart or Youth Allowance (Other) as at 30 September 2006.
2.	Commencements in Job Network employment assistance or Work for the Dole from 1 October 2005 to 30 September 2006.

Source: DEWR administrative systems.

Employment outcomes by region
Table 4.3 shows employment outcomes for job seekers who ceased assistance between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  Employment outcomes are for Job Placement, Intensive Support job search training, Intensive Support customised assistance and Work for the Dole.  Job Placement outcomes include both Fully Job Network Eligible and Job Search Support Only job seekers.  Outcomes are presented on a DEWR regional, State and Territory and national basis. 

Table 4.3:  Regional labour market post assistance employment outcomes year to end September 20061
DEWR Region	Job Placement2
(%)
	Intensive Support job search training3 (%)	Intensive Support customised assistance3 (%)	Intensive Support4
(%)	Work for 
the Dole3
(%)	
Sydney	67.2	43.8	36.8	47.6	28.1	
Hunter and North Coast	73.8	47.1	42.6	48.9	27.3	
Illawarra and SE NSW	77.3	46.2	46.1	49.8	24.2	
Western NSW	72.9	49.0	40.3	43.0	20.8	
Riverina	77.5	50.5	45.0	53.3	31.1	
New South Wales	71.4	45.4	40.3	48.0	26.8	
Melbourne	72.6	49.5	44.3	53.6	31.8	
Eastern Victoria	69.2	49.8	45.5	53.5	34.7	
Western Victoria	76.4	48.4	45.0	52.8	29.1	
Victoria	72.8	49.4	44.6	53.4	31.6	
Brisbane	75.5	56.1	51.0	61.8	38.1	
Southern Queensland	71.0	52.2	46.6	55.0	30.9	
Central and Northern QLD	73.3	61.4	45.2	52.6	35.1	
Queensland	74.5	56.4	48.6	58.4	35.9	
Perth	73.2	60.0	51.0	60.6	40.0	
South Western Australia	72.8	55.7	51.5	63.6	39.4	
Greater Western Australia	73.7	43.9	39.2	47.0	27.3	
Western Australia	73.2	57.7	48.4	59.2	38.5	
Adelaide	71.9	50.6	49.9	56.5	29.7	
South Australia Country	73.0	51.6	47.5	49.7	23.9	
South Australia	72.4	51.2	49.1	54.4	27.9	
						
Tasmania	77.0	48.9	47.2	52.2	27.1	
						
Northern Territory	53.2	62.9	30.2	35.9	32.1	
						
Australian Capital Territory	74.0	58.9	51.6	54.7	38.0	
						
Australia	72.9	50.3	44.4	53.0	30.7	
1.	Employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to a Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) after leaving labour market assistance.  
2.	Job Placement outcomes are for job seekers placed in an eligible Job Placement job between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  For job seekers who achieved a Job Placement within three months of leaving labour market assistance such as Intensive Support job search training, Intensive Support customised assistance and Work for the Dole, the outcome is excluded from Job Placement but included under the programme or service they participated in.  
3.	Post assistance employment outcomes relate to job seekers who ceased Intensive Support customised assistance, Intensive Support job search training or Work for the Dole between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 30 September 2006.  
4.	Job seekers who commenced Intensive Support between 1 July 2003 and 30 June 2005 and left Intensive Support or were receiving Intensive Support assistance for 12 or 24 months between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and outcomes achieved by 
30 September 2006.  
Source: The Post Programme Monitoring Survey conducted three months after job seekers cease assistance.

Section 5: Impact on Income Support Recipients

Number of income support recipients
An important goal of employment assistance is to reduce or remove employment barriers experienced by job seekers so they can compete effectively for jobs.  Higher levels of employment assistance are provided to the most disadvantaged job seekers. 
While this report focuses mainly on the outcomes achieved by individual forms of assistance, it is also important to note that other factors, such as administrative/policy changes and economic conditions, also have a significant impact on the number of income support recipients.
Figure 5.1 shows the changes over time in the number of working age allowance recipients.   In previous editions of the Labour Market Assistance Outcomes report, this graph has only shown the level of long-term and short-term NewStart and Youth allowance (other) recipients. 
There has been a fall in allowee recipients over time, driven largely by a fall in the number of NewStart recipients.  Data on income support recipients shows that in the 12 months to the end of September 2006, the number of people in receipt of Newstart or Youth Allowance (Other) decreased by around 15,000 to just over 543,000 job seekers.  The number of job seekers who were long-term recipients decreased by over 7,000 recipients while the number of short-term recipients decreased by over 8,000. 
On the other hand, the number of Carer Pension and Disability Support Pension (DSP) recipients has risen over the period July 2002 to September 2006.

Figure 5.1: has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

1.	Figures quoted in the text are from the Department of Employment and Workplace Relations: “Labour Market and Related Payments a monthly profile, September 2006”.

  Source: Trend series based on data from DEWR administrative system.

Off-Benefit outcomes
An assessment of the impact that assistance has can also be undertaken by looking at the income support status of participants after they leave assistance.  
Figure 5.2 shows the off-benefit status of job seekers three and six months after they had exited employment assistance.  
Off-benefit outcomes are only measured for clients who were in receipt of Newstart and Youth Allowance (other) (i.e. activity tested beneficiaries) when they commenced their employment assistance placement.  Other clients on non-activity tested benefits have different allowable earnings thresholds and their inclusion has the potential to distort the results.  
The majority of job seekers who move off income support do so for employment, particularly full-time employment.  For most programmes, however, off-benefit outcomes levels are generally slightly lower than employment outcomes levels.  This reflects the fact that three months after exiting an employment assistance placement the proportion of people in part-time work who remain on benefits is somewhat larger than the proportion that have moved off income support for reasons other than employment (e.g. leaving the labour market).  
Three month off-benefit outcomes tend to mirror what is found in relation to employment outcomes, with those programmes that achieve high employment outcomes achieving high three months off-benefit outcomes. Those that achieve high off-benefit outcomes at three months experience little change at the six month mark.  This indicates that for these programmes the benefits happen relatively shortly after completing the programme.   
For other programmes, particularly those targeted at the more disadvantaged, it is evident that there is a substantial rise in off-benefit levels between three and six months after leaving assistance.  This indicates that the benefits from the programmes tend to take longer to materialise for the job seeker.  Notwithstanding this longer lead time, strong off-benefit outcomes are achieved for most programmes.  
Off-benefit outcomes for Intensive Support are particularly strong.  Over half of the in-scope Intensive Support population were off Newstart Allowance/Youth Allowance (other) six months after they became in-scope.  This result reinforces the results outlined in Tables 1.3, 1.4, and 1.5 that showed the strong full-time employment outcomes achieved by Intensive Support.   

Figure 5.2: has been removed and replaced with a description of the image to ensure that the information is available to people with various information accessibility needs. The image is included in the PDF version of this publication

1.	Job seekers who left assistance between 1 July 2005 and 30 June 2006 and were not on income support three months later.
2.	Job seekers who left assistance between 1 April 2004 and 31 March 2006 and were not on income support six months later.  

Technical Notes

Data sources, sampling, further assistance and survey results
Data Sources
The department uses a number of data sources to determine the outcomes achieved by job seekers during and after they have ceased labour market assistance.  The two main data sources are the Post Programme Monitoring (PPM) survey and the department’s administrative database held within the Integrated Employment System (IES).
PPM surveys have been undertaken since 1987 and are used to assess the labour force and education status of former programme participants three months after they exit assistance.  The IES records details of placements, commencements and paid outcomes for labour market assistance.
Survey Sampling
With the introduction of the Active Participation Model (APM) in July 2003 the PPM methodology was subjected to revision.  Prior to the APM, a full enumeration of clients exiting programmes and not in further assistance was attempted (with the exception of Intensive Assistance and Job Matching which were based on 25% samples).
From July 2003 onwards, the PPM survey uses a sampling approach to assess the performance of all employment assistance.  For all programmes except Job Placement, a 25% sample of clients in the following categories is undertaken:
a) clients found to be on full-rate of Newstart or Youth Allowance(Other) and/or in a subsequent programme placement (also known as ‘further assistance’) at the time they are due to be surveyed;
b) clients who achieved a 13 week payable outcome after receiving assistance under Intensive Support; and
c) clients who have reached 12, 24 or 36 months participation in Intensive Support (IS) without exiting.
The PPM outcome of clients in category (b) is recorded as employed or in education based on the type of payable outcome they achieved.  These clients are only surveyed to obtain supplementary information about their labour force and education status.  A full enumeration of clients not in categories a, b, or c is attempted.
For clients who were placed in a job through Job Placement, a survey of 25% of clients is undertaken.

Further Assistance
A client is defined as being in further assistance if, at the time they are due to be surveyed, the client is found to have commenced a subsequent placement.  Intensive Support itself is not counted as further assistance unless the client moves between providers for whatever reason.
As outlined previously, a 25% sample of clients found to be in further assistance is currently included in the survey.  Prior to the commencement of the APM, clients in further assistance were not surveyed and their outcomes were simply recorded as ‘in further assistance’.  While these clients may have potentially been either in a part time job and/or in education, these outcomes were not captured as these clients were not surveyed.  Under the new sampling methodology these outcomes can now be recorded.
The impact on PPM results of surveying job seekers in further assistance will vary amongst the programmes.  Programmes such as TTW and NEIS will see little impact on their outcomes results given that few of their participants proceeded to further assistance.  For other programs, the impacts will vary, but any variations will generally be modest.
Comparisons with pre-APM outcomes
In addition to the limitations outlined above in the ‘Further Assistance’ section, care should also be taken when comparing outcomes achieved for services delivered under the APM with outcomes for similar pre-APM Job Network services.  This is because similar types of assistance (eg Intensive Assistance delivered under ESC rounds 1 and 2, and Intensive Support customised assistance delivered under the APM), will have differences in client mix and the type, and way, in which services are delivered to clients.
Intensive Support population
The population used for the calculation of IS outcomes includes those clients who, in any given reporting period first: a) exited IS, b) began a 13 week period leading to an outcome or intermediate payment; or c) reached 12, 24 or 36 months participation in IS without exiting.
Clients are surveyed after 12, 24 and 36 months participation to avoid potential biases in the calculation of outcomes results.  If these clients were not surveyed as they progressed through IS, outcomes would be overstated as those not achieving outcomes would remain in assistance and not enter the survey.  From the December 2005 quarter onwards, outcomes are reported for the Intensive Support population as a whole as well as being broken down to the 12 and 24 month sub samples.  
In addition, if a client is due to be surveyed during /after their participation in IS, or after participating in ISca or ISjst, and is found to have been surveyed in the last 3 months, then their outcome will be set to the outcome (if it is known) that was obtained when they were surveyed previously.

Survey results
Aside from IS, ISjst and ISca, where PPM results are based on a combination of survey responses and payable outcomes data, all outcome estimates are based on survey responses.  The overall response rate for the PPM survey, at around 60%, provides outcomes estimates that are generally accurate to within plus or minus 1 percentage point at the National level.

Labour Market Assistance Descriptions
Intensive Support stream:  provides individually tailored assistance for up to 42 months for eligible job seekers.  Access to assistance through Intensive Support is immediately at registration for those job seekers identified as highly disadvantaged with the remainder having access to assistance after three months of unemployment.  Under Intensive Support a job seeker can have access to the general Intensive Support assistance, Intensive Support job search training and/or Intensive Support customised assistance.
Intensive Support (IS):  assistance will be provided during periods between ISjst, ISmo and ISca.  During these periods, job seekers will continue to have access to job search assistance and facilities at their Job Network member site, guidance in relation to job search and the regular updating of their vocational profile.  
Intensive Support customised assistance (ISca):  provides for six months of assistance tailored to the jobseekers’ individual needs and to available jobs opportunities.  Job seekers who are most disadvantaged (as determined by their JSCI score) receive immediate access to ISca.  Other job seekers will be eligible to receive ISca assistance after 12 months of unemployment.  
Intensive Support job search training (ISjst):  provides training for up to 100 hours (over three weeks) in job search techniques and job application skills to give unemployed people the skills and confidence to improve their job search skills, motivation and expand their job search networks.  Mature age and Indigenous job seekers have immediate access to ISjst on registration for unemployment allowance.  
Intensive Support mutual obligation (ISmo):  occurs at the same time that a job seeker’s ordinary mutual obligation requirements commence.  The objective of Job Network services during these periods is to ensure that job seekers continue to be actively engaged in job search activities and improving their job prospects.  
Job Placement services refer suitable job seekers to vacancies and canvass and list job vacancies on the Australian Job Search database.  DEWR licensed 

recruitment agencies, Job Placement Organisation (JPOs), are in a position to provide Job Placement service to eligible job seekers. Job Network members are licensed as JPOs. 
New Enterprise Incentive Scheme (NEIS): provides support and training for eligible job seekers who wish to pursue the option of self-employment. 
Indigenous Employment Programme: replaced the Training for Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islanders Programme (TAP) and has several components. It includes Wage Assistance which is a wage subsidy paid to employers over 26 weeks providing on-going employment. In Structured Training and Employment Projects (STEP), employers in the private sector and regional and community based employment sponsor organisations provide jobs, generally involving accredited training or a traineeship. 
Indigenous Employment Centres: help Community Development Employment Project participants find employment.
Work for the Dole: provides assistance for job seekers to develop work habits, generic work skills and work experience by participating in community projects and activities for up to 26 weeks over a 12 month period.
Community Work placements: assist job seekers to gain skills and work experience and provides access to additional benefits such as Training Credits and Passport to Employment after participating in voluntary work for a specified number of hours. 
Transition to Work Programme: helps job seekers who are parents, carers and mature age people 50 years and over entering the workforce for the first time or returning to the workforce after an absence of 2 years or more. 
Training accounts: help mature age and indigenous job seekers who participate in Intensive Support or Indigenous Employment Centres improve their employment prospects through the provision of training. 
Training Credits: provide job seekers who participate in a Work for the Dole or Community Work Placement for between 16 and 26 weeks with a training credit which can be used to pay for additional training.

General Definitions
AJS, Australian JobSearch (http://jobsearch.gov.au): lists all job vacancies notified to the Job Network and provides contact details for Job Network members.  It is available in Centrelink and at Job Network member offices and through the DEWR Internet site (http://www.workplace.gov.au).
Community Development Employment Projects (CDEP) is a programme aimed at providing activities that; improve participants employability, develop business opportunities and contribute to community needs.  The overall aim is to support Indigenous Australians achieve economic independence.  Positive and employment outcomes exclude Indigenous job seekers who return to a CDEP after leaving labour market assistance. 
Community Work Coordinators: are contracted to develop Community Work placements and Work for the Dole projects/activities and manage the placement of eligible job seekers into those projects/activities.
Educational attainment: refers to the highest educational level completed by job seekers. 
Eligible vacancy: is a job vacancy listed on the Australian Job Search database that is eligible for a payment under Job Network.
Further assistance: includes job seekers who proceed to another DEWR or DEST funded employment programme or service within three months of exiting employment assistance. It includes commencements in Intensive Support job search training (ISjst), Intensive Support customised assistance (ISca), New Apprenticeships, NEIS, Work for the Dole, Green Corps, Advanced English for Migrants Programme (AEMP) and the STEP and Wage Assistance components of the Indigenous Employment Policy.  A job seeker who is in the general Intensive Support or Job Search Support streams of assistance are not regarded as being in further assistance.  
Income support recipients: includes job seekers registered with Centrelink as unemployed and in receipt of Newstart Allowance (NSA) or job seekers aged 15 to 24 not in full-time education and in receipt of Youth Allowance (Other) (YA). 

Job Search Support Only (JSSO): refers to those job seekers, irrespective of their income support status, who are eligible for only Job Search Support services and no other form of Job Network services.  JSSO job seekers can renew their registration as unemployed every three months with either Centrelink or their Job Network member. 
Job placements: include placements provided under Job Search Support and job placements under Intensive Support customised assistance.
Fully Job Network Eligible (FJNE): refers to those job seekers who are eligible to receive the full suite of Job Network services.  Any unemployed person receiving Newstart Allowance or Youth Allowance (Other) or another form of qualifying income support payment and young people not in full-time study irrespective of income support are eligible for Job Network assistance.  CDEP participants are also eligible for Job Network services.
Job Seeker Classification Instrument (JSCI): a measurement of a job seeker’s relative disadvantage in obtaining employment – because of their personal circumstance and labour market skills – and is used to determine the level of labour market assistance required. 
People from Culturally And Linguistic Diverse backgrounds (CALD): refers to people from Culturally and Linguistically Diverse backgrounds, where the main language spoken is not English.
Work for the Dole (WfD) commencement: involves a job seeker participating in a WfD activity for up to six months over a 12-month period.  This means that job seekers can participate in a number of different WfD projects and with different CWCs before completing their placement.  Each time a job seeker starts with a CWC, a new commencement is recorded.
Work for the Dole exit: for the purposes of PPM, occurs when a job seeker has a break between CWC placements of more than 3 months and in relation to their last CWC placement in the 12 month period.  Clients exiting WfD will be subsequently surveyed. 

Regional Coverage
Regions used in this report are based on the 19 labour market regions used in contracting for DEWR programmes and services.

DEWR labour market regions

Perth
Southern WA
Greater WA
Northern Teritory
SA Country
Adelaide
Central and Northern QLD
Southern QLD
Brisbane
Western NSW
Hunter and North Coast
Sydney
ACT
Riverina
Illawarra and South East NSW
Eastern Victoria
Melbourne
Western Victoria
Tasmania